{"id":10607,"date":"2025-03-18T18:46:53","date_gmt":"2025-03-18T22:46:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/?p=10607"},"modified":"2025-03-18T18:46:53","modified_gmt":"2025-03-18T22:46:53","slug":"fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"Fieldwork at Phrygian Gordion, 2016\u20132023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>This article presents the results of the last eight seasons of work at Gordion in west central T\u00fcrkiye, focusing primarily on architectural conservation, excavation, and remote sensing on the Citadel Mound. The recently discovered South Gate appears to have been in use for over 1,200 years, from the ninth century BCE to the fourth century CE, and with an approach road nearly 100 m long. New excavations in the Mosaic Building Complex, first unearthed in the 1950s and dated at that time to the late fifth century BCE (Persian period), have demonstrated that it was actually constructed a century and a half earlier (ca. 575 BCE) and reconstructed after Gordion came under Persian control. The discoveries within the complex include a stone omphalos and two gilded ivory sphinxes that probably adorned a throne. The Mosaic Building may also have housed the cart with the Gordian Knot cut by Alexander in 333 BCE. The eighth-century Tumulus 52 included more than 3,000 amber beads imported from the Baltic, and the decedent may have been a member of Midas\u2019 family. Gordion was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site List in 2023, the 20th site in T\u00fcrkiye to be so honored.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article presents the results of the last eight seasons of work at Gordion in west central T\u00fcrkiye, focusing primarily on architectural conservation, excavation, and remote sensing on the Citadel Mound. The recently discovered South Gate appears to have been in use for over 1,200 years, from the ninth century BCE to the fourth century [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10614,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[905],"tags":[10,20,39,50,961],"issues":[960],"region":[901],"class_list":["post-10607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-field-report","tag-architecture","tag-ironage","tag-warfare","tag-excavation","tag-cultural-heritage","issues-960","region-turkey-central-turkey"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fieldwork at Phrygian Gordion, 2016\u20132023 | April 2025 (129.2) | American Journal of Archaeology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fieldwork at Phrygian Gordion, 2016\u20132023 | April 2025 (129.2) | American Journal of Archaeology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This article presents the results of the last eight seasons of work at Gordion in west central T\u00fcrkiye, focusing primarily on architectural conservation, excavation, and remote sensing on the Citadel Mound. The recently discovered South Gate appears to have been in use for over 1,200 years, from the ninth century BCE to the fourth century [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"American Journal of Archaeology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aja.journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-03-18T22:46:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Rose_report-1024x695.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"695\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"website\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"website\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"website\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/person\/f93c211048ad920b94c1e8abdb2053f0\"},\"headline\":\"Fieldwork at Phrygian Gordion, 2016\u20132023\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-03-18T22:46:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/\"},\"wordCount\":197,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Rose_report.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Architecture\",\"Iron Age\",\"Warfare\",\"Excavation\",\"Cultural Heritage\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Field Report\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/\",\"name\":\"Fieldwork at Phrygian Gordion, 2016\u20132023 | April 2025 (129.2) | American Journal of Archaeology\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Rose_report.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-03-18T22:46:53+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/field-report\/fieldwork-at-phrygian-gordion-2016-2023\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Rose_report.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Rose_report.png\",\"width\":1473,\"height\":1000,\"caption\":\"Juniper beams in the rubble packing at the South Gate, deposited in the early eighth century BCE (C.B. 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