{"id":1844,"date":"2023-10-01T04:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-01T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ajaonline.org\/2023\/10\/01\/4715\/"},"modified":"2024-08-13T03:45:47","modified_gmt":"2024-08-13T03:45:47","slug":"4715","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/","title":{"rendered":"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Romula (today Re&#x219;ca, Dobrosloveni Village, Romania) was the largest urban and economic center of Dacia Inferior (Malvensis), a Roman province located in the north of the Lower Danube region. In this context, the city market included workshops for the production of ceramic, metal, stone, bone, and glass objects. In 2013, 2015, and 2018, during excavations of the former Roman city, two rectangular glass furnaces were discovered. One has only one chamber, the other has two chambers. A melted glass layer was found on the walls of furnace no. 1, as well as in one room of furnace no. 2. Broken fragments of glass were also found in both. The furnaces are located in the central area of the Roman city. The evidence suggests that the furnaces belong to secondary glass workshops. The glass may have arrived in raw form, where it was remelted and processed. The discovery of these furnaces contributes to the growing body of evidence for Roman glass production around the empire.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Romula (today Re&#x219;ca, Dobrosloveni Village, Romania) was the largest urban and economic center of Dacia Inferior (Malvensis), a Roman province located in the north of the Lower Danube region. In this context, the city market included workshops for the production of ceramic, metal, stone, bone, and glass objects. In 2013, 2015, and 2018, during excavations [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1843,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[906],"tags":[21,29,54],"issues":[795],"region":[894],"class_list":["post-1844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaeological-note","tag-archaeologicalscience","tag-romanperiod","tag-materialculture","issues-795","region-europe-balkans"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania) | October 2023 (127.4) | American Journal of Archaeology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania) | October 2023 (127.4) | American Journal of Archaeology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Romula (today Re&#x219;ca, Dobrosloveni Village, Romania) was the largest urban and economic center of Dacia Inferior (Malvensis), a Roman province located in the north of the Lower Danube region. In this context, the city market included workshops for the production of ceramic, metal, stone, bone, and glass objects. In 2013, 2015, and 2018, during excavations [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"American Journal of Archaeology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aja.journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-10-01T04:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-13T03:45:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"666\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"website\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"website\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"website\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/person\/f93c211048ad920b94c1e8abdb2053f0\"},\"headline\":\"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania)\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-01T04:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-13T03:45:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/\"},\"wordCount\":170,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Archaeological Science\",\"Roman Period\",\"Material Culture\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Archaeological Note\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/\",\"name\":\"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania) | October 2023 (127.4) | American Journal of Archaeology\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-01T04:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-13T03:45:47+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":666,\"caption\":\"Romula glass furnace no. 1; full scales each = 50 cm.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/\",\"name\":\"American Journal of Archaeology\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"American Journal of Archaeology\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/new-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/new-logo.svg\",\"width\":383,\"height\":65,\"caption\":\"American Journal of Archaeology\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aja.journal\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/person\/f93c211048ad920b94c1e8abdb2053f0\",\"name\":\"website\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454a368f1f2897d66c2307056013fc288bd8545a64efddeb560bc4e24b31c669?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454a368f1f2897d66c2307056013fc288bd8545a64efddeb560bc4e24b31c669?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"website\"},\"description\":\"AIA web developer\/manager\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/author\/website\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania) | October 2023 (127.4) | American Journal of Archaeology","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania) | October 2023 (127.4) | American Journal of Archaeology","og_description":"Romula (today Re&#x219;ca, Dobrosloveni Village, Romania) was the largest urban and economic center of Dacia Inferior (Malvensis), a Roman province located in the north of the Lower Danube region. In this context, the city market included workshops for the production of ceramic, metal, stone, bone, and glass objects. In 2013, 2015, and 2018, during excavations [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/","og_site_name":"American Journal of Archaeology","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aja.journal","article_published_time":"2023-10-01T04:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-08-13T03:45:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":666,"url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"website","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"website","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/"},"author":{"name":"website","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/person\/f93c211048ad920b94c1e8abdb2053f0"},"headline":"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania)","datePublished":"2023-10-01T04:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-13T03:45:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/"},"wordCount":170,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg","keywords":["Archaeological Science","Roman Period","Material Culture"],"articleSection":["Archaeological Note"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/","url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/","name":"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania) | October 2023 (127.4) | American Journal of Archaeology","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg","datePublished":"2023-10-01T04:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-13T03:45:47+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Negru.jpg","width":1000,"height":666,"caption":"Romula glass furnace no. 1; full scales each = 50 cm."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/archaeological-note\/4715\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Two Roman Glass Furnaces Discovered at Re\u0219ca-Romula (Romania)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/","name":"American Journal of Archaeology","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#organization","name":"American Journal of Archaeology","url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/new-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/new-logo.svg","width":383,"height":65,"caption":"American Journal of Archaeology"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aja.journal"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/person\/f93c211048ad920b94c1e8abdb2053f0","name":"website","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454a368f1f2897d66c2307056013fc288bd8545a64efddeb560bc4e24b31c669?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/454a368f1f2897d66c2307056013fc288bd8545a64efddeb560bc4e24b31c669?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"website"},"description":"AIA web developer\/manager","sameAs":["https:\/\/ajaonline.org"],"url":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/author\/website\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1844"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1844\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7727,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1844\/revisions\/7727"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1844"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1844"},{"taxonomy":"issues","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issues?post=1844"},{"taxonomy":"region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/region?post=1844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}