AJA 130.1 - January 2026

Current Issue: January 2026 (130.1)

The American Journal of Archaeology (AJA) is one of the world’s most distinguished and widely distributed journals devoted to archaeology and has set the standard for archaeological scholarship since 1885. The AJA publishes original research on the diverse peoples and material cultures of the Mediterranean and related areas. Learn more.

AlUla: Wonder of Arabia at the Palace Museum, Beijing: Bridging Global Cultural and Archaeological Engagement Between China and the Arab World

Nabateao-Arabic funerary inscription, Qurh sandstone, 280 CE. Royal Commission for AlUla RCU.2023.149, excav. 2005.

By Ran Zhang and Ruopu ZhaiAvailable as Open Access

The exhibition AlUla: Wonder of Arabia at the Palace Museum in Beijing showcased the civilizations of the Arabian Peninsula, particularly present-day Saudi Arabia, from prehistory to the modern era, through archaeological artifacts unearthed in recent years. In addition to these artifacts, the exhibition incorporated rich audiovisual elements, offering visitors an immersive experience that allowed them to explore the millennia-old livelihoods and civilizations t...

The Archaeology of Olive Oil Production in Roman and Pre-Roman Italy

Black-figure amphora with olive harvest scenes, produced in Attica ca. 530–510 BCE and attributed to the Antimenes Painter, though found in Italy at Toscanella; Berlin, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Antikensammlung F 1855, acq. date 1827 (J. Laurentius; courtesy Staatliche Museen zu Berlin; CC BY-SA 4.0).

By Emlyn DoddAvailable as Open Access

This article provides a comprehensive synthesis and re-evaluation of the archaeological evidence for olive cultivation and oil production across Italy from prehistory through the Roman era. Italy is often neglected in studies of ancient olives and oil, with greater focus given to the eastern Mediterranean or Gaul, Spain, and North Africa. Extant studies on Italian regions fail to capture broader patterns and transregional developments. Scientific advancements, more rigor...

Plaster Casts of the Portico from Aphrodisias: Archaeology, Politics, Museology

Example of a cast of an Ionic capital made by Paolini in 1937–38 at Aphrodisias. Rome, Museo della Civiltà Romana 5619 (courtesy Museo della Civiltà Romana).

By Claudia Cecamore, Julia Lenaghan, Chiara Marabelli and Milena Melfi

This article presents a case study that demonstrates three essential uses—archaeological, political, and museological—of plaster casts in Graeco-Roman studies. The case is the Portico of Tiberius at Aphrodisias, which the Italian archaeological mission in Anatolia excavated in 1937. Casts of the architectural elements of the portico (entablature, capital, and column) were made immediately, shipped to Rome, and employed to create a one-to-one plaster reconstruction (7...

Marble Wall Revetment in Roman Times: Materials and Techniques

Hypothesis for the installation of wall revetment, variant A, step 4: the slabs are clamped in position before the mortar is poured behind them (drawings by S. Coutelas).

By Arnaud Coutelas and Christophe Loiseau

Making marble wall revetment in Roman times required real know-how. Surprisingly, ancient sources are silent on the installation methods of revetment. The archaeological literature is also sparse, but there are two schools of thought: one assumes that a plaster layer was applied before the marble slabs, while the other assumes that mortar was poured behind the slabs held in place by metal clamps. All point out the presence of shims on the plaster, although there has been...

Syncretic Religious Practice at Dedoplis Gora (Caucasian Iberia) in the First Century CE

The fire altar, in room N20, Dedoplis Gora palace, looking west (scale = 50 cm) (courtesy I. Gagoshidze).

By David Gagoshidze

Monuments discovered through archaeological excavations provide information about the pre-Christian religion in Kartli (Caucasian Iberia, modern Georgia). Particularly remarkable is a grandiose temple complex discovered in central Georgia, where the kings of Kartli worshiped Iranian (Zoroastrian) gods merged with local Georgian astral deities. In the Dedoplis Gora palace, which is located 3 km south of the temple complex, three rooms (N10, N20, N26) yielded sanctuaries. ...

Karaağaç Tumulus: An Iron Age Elite Burial from Rural Western Phrygia

General view of the tumulus before the excavations, from the west (courtesy Bilecik Museum).

By Hüseyin Erpehlivan

This article presents the first comprehensive study of the Karaağaç Tumulus, a Middle Phrygian (ca. 800–540 BCE) monumental tomb located at the northwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, modern Türkiye. Stratigraphic and material evidence indicate a multiphase use, including an Early Bronze Age cemetery, a Middle Iron Age tumulus with elite burial, and Late Antique graves. The architectural form and contents parallel those of Gordion and Ankara, suggesting ...

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